Essentials: The Science & Treatment of Bipolar Disorder
In this Huberman Lab Essentials episode, I explain the biology, symptoms and types of bipolar disorder (sometimes called bipolar depression), a condition characterized by extreme, maladaptive shifts in energy, mood and perception. I describe the diagnostic criteria that distinguish bipolar I from bipolar II, including mania and hypomania and the different patterns of mood cycling. I discuss the remarkable history and discovery of lithium and how it works, in part by reducing inflammation, providing neuroprotection and supporting the interoceptive neural circuits affected in bipolar disorder. I also cover talk therapies, electroconvulsive therapy and nutraceuticals such as omega-3 fatty acids and inositol, and I explore the intriguing relationship between mood disorders and creativity. This episode should interest anyone who has or knows someone with bipolar disorder, as well as those interested in how the brain balances mood, energy and focus.
Read the show notes at hubermanlab.com.
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Timestamps
(00:00:00) Bipolar Disorder
(00:01:09) Bipolar I; Manic Episode Symptoms
(00:05:00) Bipolar II, Hypomania; Depressive Episodes & Cycling
(00:09:00) Sponsor: BetterHelp
(00:10:09) Lithium Discovery, Dr. John Cade, Uric Acid
(00:12:14) Lithium Urate & Guinea Pigs, Control Experiments
(00:13:19) Lithium Salts Paper, Toxicity & Monitoring
(00:15:40) How Lithium Works: Inflammation & Neuroprotection
(00:16:50) Exteroception vs. Interoception, Neural Circuit Atrophy
(00:19:04) Sponsor: AG1
(00:20:29) Drug vs. Talk Therapies
(00:20:40) Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Interpersonal & Social Rhythm Therapy
(00:22:30) Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT), Treatment-Resistant Depression
(00:24:07) Caution: Rely on Prescribed Treatment, Suicide Risk
(00:24:59) Tool: Lifestyle Support, Sleep, Exercise, Nutrition & Sunlight
(00:26:05) Tool: Inositol & Omega-3 Fatty Acids, Fish Oil Study
(00:29:53) Sponsor: Eight Sleep
(00:31:10) Creativity & Mood Disorders, Eminent Individuals Study
(00:34:00) Recap & Key Takeaways
Disclaimer & Disclosures
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The Huberman Lab podcast is hosted by Andrew Huberman, Ph.D., a neuroscientist and tenured professor in the department of neurobiology, and by courtesy, psychiatry and behavioral sciences at Stanford School of Medicine. The podcast discusses neuroscience and science-based tools, including how our brain and its connections with the organs of our body control our perceptions, our behaviors, and our health, as well as existing and emerging tools for measuring and changing how our nervous system works.
Huberman has made numerous significant contributions to the fields of brain development, brain function, and neural plasticity, which is the ability of our nervous system to rewire and learn new behaviors, skills, and cognitive functioning. He is a McKnight Foundation and Pew Foundation Fellow and was awarded the Cogan Award, given to the scientist making the most significant discoveries in the study of vision, in 2017.
Work from the Huberman Laboratory at Stanford School of Medicine has been published in top journals, including Nature, Science, and Cell, and has been featured in TIME, BBC, Scientific American, Discover, and other top media outlets.
In 2021, Dr. Huberman launched the Huberman Lab podcast. The podcast is frequently ranked in the top 10 of all podcasts globally and is often ranked #1 in the categories of Science, Education, and Health & Fitness.