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#75 – Marcus Hutter: Universal Artificial Intelligence, AIXI, and AGI

Lex Fridman Podcast

Conversations about science, technology, history, philosophy and the nature of intelligence, consciousness, love, and power. Lex is an AI researcher at MIT and beyond.

Marcus Hutter is a senior research scientist at DeepMind and professor at Australian National University. Throughout his career of research, including with Jürgen Schmidhuber and Shane Legg, he has proposed a lot of interesting ideas in and around the field of artificial general intelligence, including the development of the AIXI model which is a mathematical approach to AGI that incorporates ideas of Kolmogorov complexity, Solomonoff induction, and reinforcement learning.

EPISODE LINKS:
Hutter Prize: http://prize.hutter1.net
Marcus web: http://www.hutter1.net
Books mentioned:
- Universal AI: https://amzn.to/2waIAuw
- AI: A Modern Approach: https://amzn.to/3camxnY
- Reinforcement Learning: https://amzn.to/2PoANj9
- Theory of Knowledge: https://amzn.to/3a6Vp7x

This conversation is part of the Artificial Intelligence podcast. If you would like to get more information about this podcast go to https://lexfridman.com/ai or connect with @lexfridman on Twitter, LinkedIn, Facebook, Medium, or YouTube where you can watch the video versions of these conversations. If you enjoy the podcast, please rate it 5 stars on Apple Podcasts, follow on Spotify, or support it on Patreon.

This episode is presented by Cash App. Download it (App Store, Google Play), use code "LexPodcast". 

Here's the outline of the episode. On some podcast players you should be able to click the timestamp to jump to that time.

OUTLINE:
00:00 - Introduction
03:32 - Universe as a computer
05:48 - Occam's razor
09:26 - Solomonoff induction
15:05 - Kolmogorov complexity
20:06 - Cellular automata
26:03 - What is intelligence?
35:26 - AIXI - Universal Artificial Intelligence
1:05:24 - Where do rewards come from?
1:12:14 - Reward function for human existence
1:13:32 - Bounded rationality
1:16:07 - Approximation in AIXI
1:18:01 - Godel machines
1:21:51 - Consciousness
1:27:15 - AGI community
1:32:36 - Book recommendations
1:36:07 - Two moments to relive (past and future)

Marcus Hutter is a senior research scientist at DeepMind and professor at Australian National University. Throughout his career of research, including with Jürgen Schmidhuber and Shane Legg, he has proposed a lot of interesting ideas in and around the field of artificial general intelligence, including the development of the AIXI model which is a mathematical approach to AGI that incorporates ideas of Kolmogorov complexity, Solomonoff induction, and reinforcement learning.
EPISODE LINKS: 
Hutter Prize: <a href="http://prize.hutter1.net">http://prize.hutter1.net</a> 
Marcus web: <a href="http://www.hutter1.net">http://www.hutter1.net</a> 
Books mentioned: 
– Universal AI: <a href="https://amzn.to/2waIAuw">https://amzn.to/2waIAuw</a> 
– AI: A Modern Approach: <a href="https://amzn.to/3camxnY">https://amzn.to/3camxnY</a> 
– Reinforcement Learning: <a href="https://amzn.to/2PoANj9">https://amzn.to/2PoANj9</a> 
– Theory of Knowledge: <a href="https://amzn.to/3a6Vp7x">https://amzn.to/3a6Vp7x</a>
This conversation is part of the Artificial Intelligence podcast. If you would like to get more information about this podcast go to <a href="https://lexfridman.com/ai">https://lexfridman.com/ai</a> or connect with @lexfridman on <a href="https://twitter.com/lexfridman">Twitter</a>, <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/in/lexfridman/">LinkedIn</a>, <a href="https://www.facebook.com/lexfridman">Facebook</a>, <a href="https://medium.com/@lexfridman">Medium</a>, or <a href="https://www.youtube.com/lexfridman">YouTube</a> where you can watch the video versions of these conversations. If you enjoy the podcast, please rate it 5 stars on <a href="https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/artificial-intelligence/id1434243584">Apple Podcasts</a>, follow on <a href="https://open.spotify.com/show/2MAi0BvDc6GTFvKFPXnkCL">Spotify</a>, or support it on <a href="https://www.patreon.com/lexfridman">Patreon</a>.
This episode is presented by Cash App. Download it (<a href="https://apps.apple.com/us/app/cash-app/id711923939">App Store</a>, <a href="https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.squareup.cash&hl=en_US">Google Play</a>), use code “LexPodcast”. 
Here’s the outline of the episode. On some podcast players you should be able to click the timestamp to jump to that time.
OUTLINE: 
00:00 – Introduction 
03:32 – Universe as a computer 
05:48 – Occam’s razor 
09:26 – Solomonoff induction 
15:05 – Kolmogorov complexity 
20:06 – Cellular automata 
26:03 – What is intelligence? 
35:26 – AIXI – Universal Artificial Intelligence 
1:05:24 – Where do rewards come from? 
1:12:14 – Reward function for human existence 
1:13:32 – Bounded rationality 
1:16:07 – Approximation in AIXI 
1:18:01 – Godel machines 
1:21:51 – Consciousness 
1:27:15 – AGI community 
1:32:36 – Book recommendations 
1:36:07 – Two moments to relive (past and future)

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#75 – Marcus Hutter: Universal Artificial Intelligence, AIXI, and AGI

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