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#446 – Ed Barnhart: Maya, Aztec, Inca, and Lost Civilizations of South America

Lex Fridman Podcast

Conversations about science, technology, history, philosophy and the nature of intelligence, consciousness, love, and power. Lex is an AI researcher at MIT and beyond.

Ed Barnhart is an archaeologist and explorer specializing in ancient civilizations of the Americas. He is the Director of the Maya Exploration Center, host of the ArchaeoEd Podcast, and lecturer on the ancient history of North, Central, and South America. Ed is in part known for his groundbreaking work on ancient astronomy, mathematics, and calendar systems.
Thank you for listening ❤ Check out our sponsors: https://lexfridman.com/sponsors/ep446-sc
See below for timestamps, and to give feedback, submit questions, contact Lex, etc.

CONTACT LEX:
Feedback - give feedback to Lex: https://lexfridman.com/survey
AMA - submit questions, videos or call-in: https://lexfridman.com/ama
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EPISODE LINKS:
Ed's YouTube: https://youtube.com/@archaeoedpodcast
Ed's Website: https://archaeoed.com/
Maya Exploration Center: https://mayaexploration.org
Ed's Lectures on The Great Courses: https://thegreatcoursesplus.com/edwin-barnhart
Ed's Lectures on Audible: https://adbl.co/4dBavTZ
2025 Mayan Calendar: https://mayan-calendar.com/

SPONSORS:
To support this podcast, check out our sponsors & get discounts:
MasterClass: Online classes from world-class experts.
Go to https://masterclass.com/lexpod
Shopify: Sell stuff online.
Go to https://shopify.com/lex
NetSuite: Business management software.
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AG1: All-in-one daily nutrition drinks.
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Notion: Note-taking and team collaboration.
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OUTLINE:
(00:00) - Introduction
(08:59) - Lost civilizations
(16:04) - Hunter-gatherers
(19:36) - First humans in the Americas
(29:28) - South America
(34:57) - Pyramids
(42:01) - Religion
(55:05) - Shamanism
(57:02) - Ayahuasca
(1:03:15) - Lost City of Z
(1:08:09) - Graham Hancock
(1:15:11) - Uncontacted tribes
(1:21:12) - Maya civilization
(1:37:00) - Mayan calendar
(1:52:17) - Flood myths
(2:20:46) - Aztecs
(2:38:12) - Inca Empire
(2:56:13) - Early humans in North America
(3:02:10) - Columbus
(3:06:46) - Vikings
(3:10:55) - Aliens
(3:15:23) - Earth in 10,000 years
(3:31:33) - Hope for the future

PODCAST LINKS:
- Podcast Website: https://lexfridman.com/podcast
- Apple Podcasts: https://apple.co/2lwqZIr
- Spotify: https://spoti.fi/2nEwCF8
- RSS: https://lexfridman.com/feed/podcast/
- Podcast Playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLrAXtmErZgOdP_8GztsuKi9nrraNbKKp4
- Clips Channel: https://www.youtube.com/lexclips

Ed Barnhart is an archaeologist and explorer specializing in ancient civilizations of the Americas. He is the Director of the Maya Exploration Center, host of the ArchaeoEd Podcast, and lecturer on the ancient history of North, Central, and South America. Ed is in part known for his groundbreaking work on ancient astronomy, mathematics, and calendar systems. 
Thank you for listening ❤ Check out our sponsors: <a href="https://lexfridman.com/sponsors/ep446-sc">https://lexfridman.com/sponsors/ep446-sc</a> 
See below for timestamps, transcript, and to give feedback, submit questions, contact Lex, etc.
Transcript: 
<a href="https://lexfridman.com/ed-barnhart-transcript">https://lexfridman.com/ed-barnhart-transcript</a>
CONTACT LEX: 
Feedback – give feedback to Lex: <a href="https://lexfridman.com/survey">https://lexfridman.com/survey</a> 
AMA – submit questions, videos or call-in: <a href="https://lexfridman.com/ama">https://lexfridman.com/ama</a> 
Hiring – join our team: <a href="https://lexfridman.com/hiring">https://lexfridman.com/hiring</a> 
Other – other ways to get in touch: <a href="https://lexfridman.com/contact">https://lexfridman.com/contact</a>
EPISODE LINKS: 
Ed’s YouTube: <a href="https://youtube.com/@archaeoedpodcast">https://youtube.com/@archaeoedpodcast</a> 
Ed’s Website: <a href="https://archaeoed.com/">https://archaeoed.com/</a> 
Maya Exploration Center: <a href="https://mayaexploration.org">https://mayaexploration.org</a> 
Ed’s Lectures on The Great Courses: <a href="https://thegreatcoursesplus.com/edwin-barnhart">https://thegreatcoursesplus.com/edwin-barnhart</a> 
Ed’s Lectures on Audible: <a href="https://adbl.co/4dBavTZ">https://adbl.co/4dBavTZ</a> 
2025 Mayan Calendar: <a href="https://mayan-calendar.com/">https://mayan-calendar.com/</a>
SPONSORS: 
To support this podcast, check out our sponsors & get discounts: 
MasterClass: Online classes from world-class experts. 
Go to <a href="https://lexfridman.com/s/masterclass-ep446-sc">https://masterclass.com/lexpod</a> 
Shopify: Sell stuff online. 
Go to <a href="https://lexfridman.com/s/shopify-ep446-sc">https://shopify.com/lex</a> 
NetSuite: Business management software. 
Go to <a href="https://lexfridman.com/s/netsuite-ep446-sc">http://netsuite.com/lex</a> 
AG1: All-in-one daily nutrition drinks. 
Go to <a href="https://lexfridman.com/s/ag1-ep446-sc">https://drinkag1.com/lex</a> 
Notion: Note-taking and team collaboration. 
Go to <a href="https://lexfridman.com/s/notion-ep446-sc">https://notion.com/lex</a>
OUTLINE: 
(00:00) – Introduction 
(08:59) – Lost civilizations 
(16:04) – Hunter-gatherers 
(19:36) – First humans in the Americas 
(29:28) – South America 
(34:57) – Pyramids 
(42:01) – Religion 
(55:05) – Shamanism 
(57:02) – Ayahuasca 
(1:03:15) – Lost City of Z 
(1:08:09) – Graham Hancock 
(1:15:11) – Uncontacted tribes 
(1:21:12) – Maya civilization 
(1:37:00) – Mayan calendar 
(1:52:17) – Flood myths 
(2:20:46) – Aztecs 
(2:38:12) – Inca Empire 
(2:56:13) – Early humans in North America 
(3:02:10) – Columbus 
(3:06:46) – Vikings 
(3:10:55) – Aliens 
(3:15:23) – Earth in 10,000 years 
(3:31:33) – Hope for the future
PODCAST LINKS: 
– Podcast Website: <a href="https://lexfridman.com/podcast">https://lexfridman.com/podcast</a> 
– Apple Podcasts: <a href="https://apple.co/2lwqZIr">https://apple.co/2lwqZIr</a> 
– Spotify: <a href="https://spoti.fi/2nEwCF8">https://spoti.fi/2nEwCF8</a> 
– RSS: <a href="https://lexfridman.com/feed/podcast/">https://lexfridman.com/feed/podcast/</a> 
– Podcast Playlist: <a href="https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLrAXtmErZgOdP_8GztsuKi9nrraNbKKp4">https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLrAXtmErZgOdP_8GztsuKi9nrraNbKKp4</a> 
– Clips Channel: <a href="https://www.youtube.com/lexclips">https://www.youtube.com/lexclips</a>

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#446 – Ed Barnhart: Maya, Aztec, Inca, and Lost Civilizations of South America

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