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#204 – Cumrun Vafa: String Theory

Lex Fridman Podcast

Conversations that explore technology, history, philosophy, physics, mathematics, biology, chemistry, engineering, AI, robotics, programming, music, film, art, sports, psychology, neuroscience, geopolitics, business, economics, religion, astronomy, and the human condition with people from all walks of life.

Cumrun Vafa is a theoretical physicist at Harvard. Please support this podcast by checking out our sponsors:
- Headspace: https://headspace.com/lex to get free 1 month trial
- The Jordan Harbinger Show: https://www.youtube.com/thejordanharbingershow
- Squarespace: https://lexfridman.com/squarespace and use code LEX to get 10% off
- Allform: https://allform.com/lex to get 20% off

EPISODE LINKS:
Cumrun's Twitter: https://twitter.com/cumrunv
Cumrun's Website: https://www.cumrunvafa.org
Puzzles to Unravel the Universe (book): https://amzn.to/3BFk5ms

PODCAST INFO:
Podcast website: https://lexfridman.com/podcast
Apple Podcasts: https://apple.co/2lwqZIr
Spotify: https://spoti.fi/2nEwCF8
RSS: https://lexfridman.com/feed/podcast/
YouTube Full Episodes: https://youtube.com/lexfridman
YouTube Clips: https://youtube.com/lexclips

SUPPORT & CONNECT:
- Check out the sponsors above, it's the best way to support this podcast
- Support on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/lexfridman
- Twitter: https://twitter.com/lexfridman
- Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/lexfridman
- LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/lexfridman
- Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/lexfridman
- Medium: https://medium.com/@lexfridman

OUTLINE:
Here's the timestamps for the episode. On some podcast players you should be able to click the timestamp to jump to that time.
(00:00) - Introduction
(07:08) - Difference between math and physics
(09:51) - Evolution of quantum mechanics
(13:09) - Can mathematics lead humanity off track
(14:07) - Beauty in mathematics
(19:27) - Philosophers using symmetry
(25:20) - How can ancient geometry be used to understand reality
(28:32) - Key ideas in the history of physics
(31:26) - Einstein's special relativity
(35:03) - Physicists building intuition
(43:01) - Best work by Einstein
(44:45) - Quantum mechanics
(54:47) - Quantum gravity
(57:02) - String theory
(1:13:11) - 10th Dimension
(1:19:48) - Skepticism regarding string theory
(1:30:53) - Key figures in string theory
(1:35:13) - String Theory's Nobel Prize
(1:38:18) - Edward Witten
(1:46:56) - String Theory Landscape & Swamplands
(1:55:46) - Theories of everything
(2:10:12) - Advice for young people
(2:13:14) - Death

Cumrun Vafa is a theoretical physicist at Harvard. Please support this podcast by checking out our sponsors: 
– Headspace: <a href="https://headspace.com/lex">https://headspace.com/lex</a> to get free 1 month trial 
– The Jordan Harbinger Show: <a href="https://www.youtube.com/thejordanharbingershow">https://www.youtube.com/thejordanharbingershow</a> 
– Squarespace: <a href="https://lexfridman.com/squarespace">https://lexfridman.com/squarespace</a> and use code LEX to get 10% off 
– Allform
EPISODE LINKS: 
Cumrun’s Twitter: <a href="https://twitter.com/cumrunv">https://twitter.com/cumrunv</a> 
Cumrun’s Website: <a href="https://www.cumrunvafa.org">https://www.cumrunvafa.org</a> 
Puzzles to Unravel the Universe (book): <a href="https://amzn.to/3BFk5ms">https://amzn.to/3BFk5ms</a>
PODCAST INFO: 
Podcast website: <a href="https://lexfridman.com/podcast">https://lexfridman.com/podcast</a> 
Apple Podcasts: <a href="https://apple.co/2lwqZIr">https://apple.co/2lwqZIr</a> 
Spotify: <a href="https://open.spotify.com/show/2MAi0BvDc6GTFvKFPXnkCL">https://open.spotify.com/show/2MAi0BvDc6GTFvKFPXnkCL</a> 
RSS: <a href="https://lexfridman.com/feed/podcast/">https://lexfridman.com/feed/podcast/</a> 
YouTube Full Episodes: <a href="https://youtube.com/lexfridman">https://youtube.com/lexfridman</a> 
YouTube Clips: <a href="https://youtube.com/lexclips">https://youtube.com/lexclips</a>
SUPPORT & CONNECT: 
– Check out the sponsors above, it’s the best way to support this podcast 
– Support on Patreon: <a href="https://www.patreon.com/lexfridman">https://www.patreon.com/lexfridman</a> 
– Twitter: <a href="https://twitter.com/lexfridman">https://twitter.com/lexfridman</a> 
– Instagram: <a href="https://www.instagram.com/lexfridman">https://www.instagram.com/lexfridman</a> 
– LinkedIn: <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/in/lexfridman">https://www.linkedin.com/in/lexfridman</a> 
– Facebook: <a href="https://www.facebook.com/lexfridman">https://www.facebook.com/lexfridman</a> 
– Medium: <a href="https://medium.com/@lexfridman">https://medium.com/@lexfridman</a>
OUTLINE: 
Here’s the timestamps for the episode. On some podcast players you should be able to click the timestamp to jump to that time. 
(00:00) – Introduction 
(07:08) – Difference between math and physics 
(09:51) – Evolution of quantum mechanics 
(13:09) – Can mathematics lead humanity off track 
(14:07) – Beauty in mathematics 
(19:27) – Philosophers using symmetry 
(25:20) – How can ancient geometry be used to understand reality 
(28:32) – Key ideas in the history of physics 
(31:26) – Einstein’s special relativity 
(35:03) – Physicists building intuition 
(43:01) – Best work by Einstein 
(44:45) – Quantum mechanics 
(54:47) – Quantum gravity 
(57:02) – String theory 
(1:13:11) – 10th Dimension 
(1:19:48) – Skepticism regarding string theory 
(1:30:53) – Key figures in string theory 
(1:35:13) – String Theory’s Nobel Prize 
(1:38:18) – Edward Witten 
(1:46:56) – String Theory Landscape & Swamplands 
(1:55:46) – Theories of everything 
(2:10:12) – Advice for young people 
(2:13:14) – Death

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#204 – Cumrun Vafa: String Theory

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